Qualitative Methodology on Research about Childhoodin the Field of Brazilian Physical Education (2010-2014): Research in the School Spaces and Times from the Perspective of Social Sciences

This study aimed to identify the different theoretical and methodological approaches to qualitative research in the early years of elementary school, in the field of Brazilian physical education, as well as map the contribution of social sciences in order to understand the relationship between childhood, culture and society presented in the researches. From a historical review of the constitution of studies of childhood in different disciplines, especially in the twentieth century, it is noted that adults sense children as mini adults in preparation for becoming. Based on the assumptions of the sociology of childhood, which consider the child as a subject social, cultural and historical possessor of rights and not just receiving passive teaching-learning processes, a systematic review was performed in 08 (eight) revised the pedagogical area the field of Brazilian physical education in the last five years (2010-2014). A total of 2513 articles in 08 (eight) magazines from the field of physical education, 172 treat of the childhood theme. Among these, 63 they used qualitative methods, and 27 focus on physical education in the early years of elementary school. The results indicate a predominance of studies related to teaching practices. It was identified more likely to research exploratory and descriptive nature. It is observed that is being consolidated in the researches, a perspective that considers the contextual dimensions, the child as an active subject in a sociocultural context. You can infer the need for research focusing on organization of school knowledge (curriculum) and in teacher training, especially analytical and experimental nature, based on a methodological approach theory in the social sciences.