Rupturing Myths: Nationalisms, Religion and the Politics of Resistance in Iran after the Woman, Life, Freedom Movement

This paper argues that the ‘Woman, Life, Freedom’ uprising, which began in September 2022, represents a historical rupture in the state’s carefully crafted anticolonial narrative. It contends that the uprising has not only exposed the state's use of decolonial discourse as a tool of repression but has also empowered feminist and women’s rights activists to challenge the patriarchal structures of the regime. This shift raises critical questions about the state’s legitimacy and signals the potential for the transformation of patriarchy in Iran. Additionally, the paper examines how the uprising has brought to light political disagreements and tensions within resistance groups, including differing attitudes toward religion and different versions of nationalist sentiments. By analyzing the roles of various actors and communities of resistance, this paper highlights the intersection of religion, ethnicity, nationalism, and gender in shaping different modes of political resistance following the onset of the 'Woman, Life, Freedom' uprising. Ultimately, the paper aims to contribute to broader discussions on feminist resistance and the future of democratic struggles in the country.