Navigating Uncertainty: Somali Migrants in Istanbul and the Risks of Transnational Multi-Locality
How do Somali migrants confront immense risks and uncertainties to transform Istanbul from a mere transit point into a strategic hub within their multi-local networks? This study explores the intricate realities faced by Somali migrants who, amid legal ambiguities and economic volatility, engage in circular migration spanning Somalia, Istanbul, London, and back to Istanbul.
Through qualitative research—including interviews and observations conducted in 2023—we delve into how these migrants navigate precarious legal statuses, potential detention, and economic hardship. Istanbul emerges as a critical juncture where they mitigate uncertainties by leveraging socio-economic resources and cultural affinities. The city’s unique position as a bridge between East and West, coupled with its Islamic heritage, provides both opportunities and challenges.
Our findings reveal that Somali migrants utilize Istanbul to build transnational networks that facilitate circular migration despite inherent dangers. They maintain active ties across multiple locales, demonstrating resilience and adaptability in the face of unpredictable circumstances. This multi-local existence defies linear migration models and underscores their agency in managing risks. By focusing on risk and uncertainty, this study challenges traditional migration dichotomies and highlights the complex motivations driving migrants beyond economic or legal necessities. Recognizing the multifaceted strategies they employ to navigate uncertainty—such as leveraging cultural connections and transnational networks—is crucial.
The implications are significant for migration theory and policy. We advocate for a re-examination of migrant categorization and call for policies that acknowledge the inherent risks in transnational and circular migration. Understanding the cultural and symbolic significance of places like Istanbul can inform more nuanced approaches to migrant mobilizations, appreciating the motivations required to navigate such uncertain terrains.