Sex Work in the Age of Robots: Israeli Sex Workers on Autonomy, Competition, and Ethical Dilemmas"

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered products are increasingly permeating various spheres of life, including some of the most controversial—such as sex robots. These AI-integrated robots, designed for human sexual gratification, are anatomically correct, human-like devices meant to enhance sexual arousal and pleasure in both solo and partnered contexts. As sex robots become part of intimate life, they have sparked significant debate, not just as sexual facilitators but as triggers for broader discussions about technology, sexuality, commerce, and human-human and human-machine connections.

This paper presents preliminary findings from an ongoing research project aimed at informing the regulation of sex robots by incorporating the views of a key stakeholder group—sex workers. While there is research on sex robots' effects on areas like prostitution, sex tourism, and human trafficking, the perspectives of sex workers themselves—despite being a primary stakeholder group—remain underrepresented in these discussions.

Based on semi-structured interviews with Israeli sex workers in various indoor venues, this research highlights a range of views on sex robots. Some see them as potential competition, while others view them as complementary, suggesting the technology could reshape the dynamics of their work, autonomy, and safety. Ethical concerns were also raised regarding the use of sex robots in sexual therapy, particularly their impact on clientele and the boundaries of therapeutic relationships. Sex workers' insights contribute to a broader understanding of how sex robots might influence the sex industry and the evolving concept of digisexuality, as well as shape the future of human-AI interactions.