Cinematic Representations of Disability: A Comparative Analysis of Indian and International Films

This study critically analyzes the representation of disability in cinema, with a comparative focus on Indian and international films. Through an in-depth thematic examination, the research identifies a recurring dependence on stereotypes and a deficiency in portraying the complexity and multidimensionality of disabled individuals. Indian cinema often situates disability within emotional frameworks, depicting disabled characters as subjects of pity or as inspirational figures who triumph over adversity. These portrayals tend to overlook the intricacies of the lived experiences of disabled people, reinforcing societal perceptions of disability as either tragic or exceptional.

International films, while generally providing more nuanced approaches, also frequently employ disability as a metaphorical construct. In these narratives, disability often serves as a representation of broader social or personal challenges, which can divert attention from the authentic experiences of disabled individuals. Although these depictions may be more refined than those in Indian cinema, they still contribute to limiting public understanding by reinforcing oversimplified views of disability.

The study emphasizes the powerful role that cinema plays in shaping societal attitudes toward disability. These cinematic portrayals not only reflect but also perpetuate existing social biases, thereby potentially impeding progress toward greater inclusivity, empathy, and equity for disabled individuals. By investigating the cultural and historical underpinnings of these representations, the research highlights the need to move beyond reductionist and symbolic portrayals.

The paper advocates for a paradigm shift in the depiction of disability in both Indian and international cinema. More nuanced and accurate representations that reflect the full complexity of disabled lives are essential for challenging entrenched stereotypes. This research calls on filmmakers to adopt more inclusive narratives that contribute to fostering social inclusion, empowerment, and equitable treatment of disabled individuals.