Scaping from Violence and Rebuilding Resources. Inclusion in a New Context of Vulnerabilities

Internally Displaced Persons due to Violence (IDPVs) people differentiate from other types of migration such as exile, migration for economic reasons or those caused by natural disasters. FIDV people subtly escape from their home and place of residence due to armed conflicts, generalized violence, and violations of human rights, without crossing an international border like refugees. This research analyzes the situation of IDPVs people in Mexico, in contrast to displaced due to other causes and non-displaced people. A logistic model was applied to analyze the factors associated with the IDPV. Laws and policies to protect this group were analyzed to suggest the guidelines for distributional justice and polices to promote their integration in their destinations. Results in Mexico show that IDPV people have a higher level of education, a lower level of income and housing conditions, a lower access to health services, and housing equipment, compared to the other groups. Their comparative advantages are the acquired resources such the complete nuclear family, the higher level of education and access to ICT. Despite these advantages, they no longer had the usefulness of these resources, that became useless, because they escaped and lost social and work networks, housing, goods and documents. In the destination context, they are inserted in peripheral locations far from the work centers and work in the informal market. Indigenous groups are more vulnerable to IDPVs when projects of development are forcibly installed in their lands. Distributional justice, laws and social policies are scarce and improvements should focus on access to housing and jobs according to their level of education, strengthening family and social ties and recovering the resources lost in the place of origin.