Interprofessional Dynamics in Mental Health and Disability Services: The Tuscan Model

Mental health social workers often face challenges in being recognized for their expertise within interprofessional teams, especially in systems dominated by biomedical approaches. This study examines the Tuscan model of disability assessment and care, which prioritizes user participation and empowerment. It aims to analyze power dynamics influencing interactions between SW and other professionals, and how they affect the quality of care and the involvement of service users with disabilities and their families.

The study utilized a qualitative design, involving 150 professionals from 10 multidisciplinary assessment units across Tuscany. Data were collected through focus groups and role-play sessions, which were recorded and analyzed using the theoretical lens of Anti-Oppressive Practice (Burke, Harrison, 2002; Dominelli, 1996). The participants included social workers, healthcare professionals, and other stakeholders involved in the care of people with disabilities. The analysis focused on identifying themes related to interprofessional collaboration, power relations, and user participation.

The results revealed that despite the Tuscan model's focus on user empowerment, significant power imbalances persist within interprofessional teams. Social workers often found their roles marginalized, limiting their ability to advocate for user-centered approaches. However, the model's emphasis on participation led to some positive outcomes in terms of user engagement and the promotion of autonomy. Key strengths of the model include its structured approach to multidisciplinary collaboration, but challenges remain in ensuring equal recognition of social work expertise.

The study emphasizes the need to address power imbalances in mental health and disability services for effective participatory care. Social workers should advocate for better recognition within interprofessional teams. Policy revisions are necessary to reinforce the value of social work in mental health and ensure that care models align with empowerment and social justice principles. Future research should focus on strategies to improve interprofessional equity and the long-term impact of participatory models on service outcomes.