Inter-Organizational Relations in Times of Crises: AU, Igad and International Partners Addressing Complex Challenges in the Horn

Africa has a unique system of both regional and sub-regional structures for warning about and responding to crises through the efforts of the African Union (AU) and the Regional Economic Communities (RECs). These are often supported by international actors, such as the UN, EU, US, or Arab states – aiming at more effective outcomes. Nevertheless, the AU often finds itself balancing among its member-states and these multiple partners. It also faces growing assertiveness of the RECs in both dealing with complex challenges (such as human or climate security) and building their own international ties.

This paper looks into institutional, political, material, and personal factors that impact collectively addressing challenges in the Horn of Africa, with specific focus on early warning and response to crisis situations. While lately Western Africa/Sahel has received much of the academic attention, the Horn is no less interesting an example of complex problems and interactions. In particular, the relationships between the AU and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), as well as their extended partnerships with international actors are investigated. The paper draws on the sources from international organizations and think tanks, archives, as well as semi-structured interviews with practitioners.