Transferring Research into Practice: Current State and Optimization Opportunities in German Service SMEs and Craft Businesses

To maximize research transfer into practice, a stakeholder-centered approach is essential. The “ProTraFo” project, conducted by the University of Siegen and Fraunhofer IAO Stuttgart and funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, explores methods to improve knowledge transfer from science to German service SMEs and craft businesses. These businesses represent 99.5% of all companies and employ 58% of the workforce, but face resource constraints in R&D, personnel, and investments.

A mixed methods approach was used, combining a nationwide survey with expert workshops held in major German cities. This enabled us to quantitatively evaluate current transfer formats and validate findings through expert input. Additionally, the Design Science Research (DSR) approach was applied to identify problems and design a solution aimed at improving knowledge transfer.

The expected outcome is a three-dimensional model that offers a comprehensive view of available transfer formats, helping stakeholders implement research findings effectively. This model will guide the selection of transfer formats (digital, physical, or hybrid), customized to the needs and goals of target groups. Final recommendations and refined models will be completed through workshops by summer 2025.

Our results show a pressing need for better awareness and support mechanisms, especially for small businesses. We recommend that public funding bodies reduce bureaucratic barriers and improve accessibility for SMEs. Increased collaboration between research institutions and businesses, alongside more practical academic studies, is essential to achieve sustainable knowledge transfer into practice.