Unemployment and Its Psychological Effects on Educated Migrant Youth in India

Mental health issues are closely linked to socioeconomic background, employment status, and migration. However, there is limited understanding of the specific mental health challenges faced by higher-educated migrant youth in India, particularly in Kolkata. This study aims to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among this demographic. A survey was conducted with 400 migrant graduates aged 21–35 residing in Kolkata, using socio-demographic measures and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with mental health issues.

The results revealed alarming prevalence rates: 54.4% for depression, 61.8% for anxiety, and 47.9% for stress. Unemployed youth exhibited significantly higher symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to their employed counterparts. The logistic regression analysis identified unemployment, female gender, being unmarried, and multiple migrations (second or third migration) as significant risk factors for higher DASS-21 scores.

This study highlights the concerning mental health challenges among higher-educated migrant youth. To address this, it recommends the introduction of skill-based, job-oriented, and professional courses at the graduation level to help prevent unemployment and improve productivity. Additionally, regular psychological support services should be provided by local governments to support the mental well-being of this vulnerable group.