Rights Recognition, Integration, and Pakistani Migration in the Basque Country

My research investigates rights recognition, integration, and Pakistani migration in the Basque Country (Euskadi). What must be understood is that the Basque Country is a truly unique locale; livened by its passionate communities, linked together through a rich and vibrant history, that, in turn, encapsulates an extraordinary way of life. Yet, decades of political strife, violence, and ensuing period of globalization have altered its social makeup. Herein, I seek to understand how Pakistani migrant conceptualize integration by analyzing specific conditions which foster inclusion (language, labour and family). Therefore, I investigate the meaning behind ‘rights recognition’ in the Basque Country which creates both ‘encompassing’ and ‘exclusionary’ forms of citizenship. Starting in Oñati, I analyze how a small town with a strong connection to Basque national identity articulates its own integration policy. Using in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and surveys, I target community members, local organizations, and other relevant actors to understand Pakistani migrants in their new locale. What I find is that the divide that separates identity and citizenship is often associated with rights. However, the extent of understanding identity and the political implications of citizenship are differentiated by what rights mean to either Pakistani migrants or the Basque people.