Gender Inequalities and Internationalization Practices in Scientific Careers

Several studies have shown that gender inequalities remain a persistent problem in science, with women facing specific challenges in advancing their careers and gaining visibility for their research—challenges that were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to contribute to this body of research with a particular focus on the internationalization practices of academic careers in Portuguese-speaking countries. By comparing sociologists from universities in two case studies, Brazil and Portugal, we discuss how scientific policies, historical contexts, and geographical positioning of these countries affect the working conditions of women. First, we construct indicators related to publications and international mobility, followed by the use of prosopography to identify potential social differences in the career trajectories of sociologists.