Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Qualitative Research in the Global South: A Critical Perspective

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into social science research has the potential to revolutionize the field, particularly in the Global South. While AI offers powerful tools for data analysis, its application in contexts characterized by limited resources, diverse languages, and unique cultural nuances presents distinct challenges and opportunities.

In the Global South, AI can be leveraged to address pressing social issues such as poverty, inequality, and climate change. For example, AI-powered tools can analyse large-scale datasets to identify vulnerable communities affected by climate change, as demonstrated in a recent study in Bangladesh. Additionally, AI can facilitate cross-cultural communication and understanding by translating and analyzing text data from multiple languages.

The adoption of AI in the Global South, however, is constrained by factors such as limited access to technology, infrastructure, and expertise. Moreover, the development and deployment of AI algorithms must be sensitive to the specific contexts and values of different cultures. To ensure that AI benefits rather than harms the Global South, it is imperative to address these challenges and promote equitable access to AI technologies.

This study, conducted through participant observation and in-depth interviews with researchers and policymakers in South Africa, explores the potential of AI to transform qualitative research in the Global South. It highlights both the opportunities and limitations of AI adoption, emphasizing the need for ethical considerations and collaborative approaches to ensure that AI is used to empower marginalized communities and promote social justice.