Sociopsychological Map of Tunisian Bilingualism. CANCELLED

The Tunisian society uses two languages : Arabic its native/national language and French as the colonial language. Written and oral presences of these two languages in Tunisia create two types of bilingualism : 1- a bilingualism which does not blame the use of French instead of Arabic among Tunisians. This bilingualism is the most widespread. 2- a bilingualism that avoids the use of French  between Tunisians. Only a very tiny group of Tunisians stands for this. The two bilingualisms are also associated with two forms of " Arabization" whose first meaning is the promotion of the wide societal use of Arabic. The second meaning of the term is what I call " psychological Arabization ": having a very close relationship with Arabic. Bilingualism 1 does not strongly promote either of the two types of "Arabization ". But bilingualism 2 is very committed to the promotion of the two types of " Arabization". Sociopsychological analysis shows that bilingualism 1 continuing prominence in Tunisia is the outcome of : a - the spread of French in Tunisian society during the French colonisation (1881-1956). b- Many Tunisians went to schools in Tunisia where French language and its culture were dominant. Furthermore, Some Tunisians had attended French universities. c- The Tunisian graduates of secondary schools and universities have taken power to rule the country after independence. In Boudieu's terms, these French educated Tunisians have re-produced themselves in Tunnisian society by giving great importance the presence and the use of French and its culture in independent Tunisia!