613.3
Clarification and Visual Representation of Concept of Power
Key Words: two ways of inference about power, an “actor-structure-situation-process” model, “conceptual formula” on power, a visual diagram on power
During the last decade, discussions about concept of power became unnecessarily complicated and confusing. Some arguments on power such as one of M. Foucault are “philosophical-sociological” theory rather than empirical-sociological theory. This state of affairs resulted in confusion about concept of power among students of sociology. In addition to this, there is not much effort to visually represent concept of power so that students may conceptually and easily understand power.
Therefore, there is a need to reorganize and clarify concept of power. The purpose of this presentation is fourfold. First, two ways of inference about power will be suggested; a ”prospective way” that indicates “power as potential” and a “retrospective way” that indicates “power as an effect on the outcome.”
Second, an “actor-structure-situation-process” model will be suggested to understand power conceptually. In this model, an actor means a person (or a group), structure means symbolic-systems, social rules such as customs and laws, and organizational structure in addition to physical structure. Situation means a state in which persons or groups are placed in. Process means interaction processes and communication modes.
Third, “conceptual formula” on power will be suggested as below:
-Simple Power = (power resources { knowledge) ×communication skill
-Interaction power = [(power resources { knowledge) ×communication skill ] *Other’s
Perception{truthfulness & legitimacy}
Fourth, a visual diagram on power will be made to make it easy for students to understand concept of power.
These four, i.e., distinction of two different ways of inference, an “actor-structure- situation-process” model, “conceptual formula” on power, a visual diagram on power, will enhance understanding of students about power.