Policing and Autonomy of Community: Comparative Study of Japan and Indonesia

The objective of this presentation is to clarify the character of community policing in Japan and Indonesia from the viewpoint of the autonomy of community and my filed research. This presentation will be divided into three parts.

First I will examine some discussions and theories regarding the community policing, where we will see that the autonomy of community is needed to manage the way of policing practiced in community in the case of the US. Then, I will clarify the crisis of the autonomy of community with special attention to a discrimination among communities. It has been produced by the development of suburban area and individualized auto-mobility in the US.

Secondly, we will turn to the case of Japan, and I will cover weakening roll of Japanese neighborhood organizations and activation of policing by the central government. The government tries to apply “broken window theory” and discourse of tradition of mutual help on community. Through the cases, I will identify the difference and similarity with the social condition of the US and clarify difficulty of the autonomy of community in Japan.

In the third part, we will look at the community policing of Indonesia in the decentralization era and evaluate a mixture between local security and tourism for community development in Bali. The police has tired to apply the community policing in order to reestablish new structure of the police and grasp vigilante groups since the collapse of centralized policy. However, in the case of Sanur area in Bali, we will see a success of the community policing with new image of tourism. Finally, through the analysis, I will clarify the advantage of the community development through the mixture of policing and other creative activities.